An upper extremity sprain refers to an injury involving the ligaments in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, or hand, caused by overstretching or tearing. This type of injury often occurs due to sudden movements, falls, or impacts that place excessive stress on the ligaments. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, bruising, and limited range of motion in the affected area. Sprains can vary in severity, ranging from mild stretching of the ligaments to complete tears. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for recovery, and physical therapy may be recommended to restore strength and function.