Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, increasing the risk of fractures and breaks. It occurs when the body loses too much bone mass or fails to produce enough new bone tissue. This results in a decrease in bone density and structural integrity, making bones more fragile and susceptible to injury. Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" because it typically progresses without noticeable symptoms until a fracture occurs. Risk factors include aging, hormonal changes (particularly in postmenopausal women), a family history of osteoporosis, low calcium and vitamin D intake, sedentary lifestyle, and certain medical conditions or medications. Physical therapy can help improve muscle strength and reduce fracture risk.